1752 avoid idleness, and were to spend one hour every day in Age 49 private prayer. Six preachers were admitted, one of whom was Philip Guier, concerning whom we must say a word. It is well known, that a number of Palatines, driven from Germany, had settled in the neighbourhood of Ballingran; and that, though they were in the first instance a sober, well conducted, and moral people, they had, through having no minister of their own, and no German worship, degenerated into an irreligious, drunken, swearing community. Amidst this general degeneracy, Philip Guier breasted the wave, and, like Milton's Abdiel, proved faithful among the faithless. He was the master of the German school at Ballingran; and it was in his school, that Philip Embury (subsequently the founder of Methodism in the United States, now a young man thirty-two years of age), had been taught to read and write. By means of Guier, also, the devoted Thomas Walsh, of the same age as Embury, had been enlightened, and prepared to receive the truth as it is in Jesus. Philip Guier was made the leader of the infant society at Limerick, and now, in 1752, was appointed to act as a local preacher among the Palatines. He still kept his school, but devoted his spare hours to preaching. The people loved the man, and sent him, if not money, yet flour, oatmeal, bacon, and potatoes, so that Philip, if not rich, was not in want. It is a remarkable fact, that, after the lapse of a hundred years, the name of Philip Guier is as fresh in Ballingran as it ever was; for there, even papists as well as protestants are accustomed to salute the Methodist minister as he jogs along on his circuit horse, and to say, "There goes Philip Guier, who drove the devil out of Ballingran!" Under the date of May 7, 1778, Wesley writes: "Two months ago, good Philip Guier fell asleep, one of the Palatines that came over and settled in Ireland, between sixty and seventy years ago. was a father both to this" [Newmarket] "and the other German societies, loving and cherishing them as his own children. He retained all his faculties to the last, and after two days' illness went to God." 1 Irish Evangelist, October 1, 1860. He After the conference at Limerick, Wesley proceeded to Cork, where he examined the society, and found about three hundred, who were striving to have a conscience void of offence toward God and man. At Kinsale, he preached in a large, deep hollow, capable of containing two or three thousand people, the soldiers of the fort, with their swords, cutting him a place to stand upon. At Waterford, Thomas Walsh preached in Irish, and Wesley in English, the rabble cursing, shouting, and hallooing most furiously. At length, after spending twelve weeks in Ireland, during which there were not two dry days together, Wesley set sail for England; and, on October 14, arrived safe at Bristol. Three weeks later, he came to London, and here he continued the remainder of the year, preparing books for the "Christian Library," on which he had already lost more than £200. During this interval, Whitefield wrote as follows to Charles Wesley, showing that distrust was creeping in among them :"LONDON, December 22, 1752. "MY DEAR FRIEND, I have read and pondered your kind letter. The connection between you and your brother has been so close and continued, and your attachment to him so necessary to keep up his interest, that I would not willingly, for the world, do or say anything that may separate such friends. I cannot help thinking, that he is still jealous of me and my proceedings; but, I thank God, I am quite easy about it. I have seen an end of all perfection. God knows how I love and honour you, and your brother, and how often I have preferred your interest to my own. This I shall continue to do. More might be said, were we face to face. "Yours, etc., "GEORGE WHITEFIELD."1 It is far from pleasant to end the year with a note of discord; but we shall unfortunately have to hear more of this in future years. In concluding the chapter with the usual list of Wesley's publications during the current year, there must be noticed: I. The continuation of his "Christian Library." Twelve volumes had been given to the public already; seven more were issued in 1752, containing extracts from the writings. of Thomas Manton, Isaac Ambrose, Jeremy Taylor, Ralph Cudworth, Nathaniel Culverwell, John Owen, and others. 1 Whitefield's Works, vol. ii., p. 464. 1752 Age 49 1752 Age 49 2. "Some Account of the Life and Death of Matthew Lee." 12mo, 24 pages. 3. "Serious Thoughts concerning Godfathers and Godmothers." 12mo, four pages. The tract was written at Athlone in Ireland, but was hardly worth publishing. Of course, Wesley approves of godfathers and godmothers; but acknowledges that baptism is valid without them. 4. "Predestination calmly Considered." 12mo, 83 pages. We have already seen, that three of the preachers, present at the Irish conference, expressed their belief, that some persons are absolutely elected, but that thousands are saved who are not elected. It was also rumoured, that Charles Wesley inclined to Whitefield's predestinarian views. Under such circumstances, Wesley's "Predestination calmly Considered' was a needed and opportune production. He writes (page 6): "There are some who assert the decree of election, and not the decree of reprobation. They assert, that God hath, by a positive, unconditional decree, chosen some to life and salvation; but not that He hath, by any such decree, devoted the rest of mankind to destruction. These are they to whom I would address myself first." This is one of Wesley's most cogent and exhaustive pamphlets, written in a most loving spirit, and yet utterly demolishing the Calvinistic theory. He shows conclusively, that no man can consistently hold the doctrine of election without holding the cognate doctrine of reprobation, a doctrine wholly opposed to the plainest teachings of holy Scripture, dishonouring to God, overthrowing the scriptural doctrines of a future judgment, and of rewards and punishments, and "naturally leading to the chambers of death." It is difficult to conceive how any one can read Wesley's treatise, and still remain a Calvinist. None of his Methodistic friends tried to answer it; but Dr. John Gill, the pastor of a Baptist church in Southwark, published, in the same year, the two following pamphlets :-"The Doctrine of the Saints' Final Perseverance, asserted and vindicated. answer to a late pamphlet, called Serious Thoughts on that subject." 8vo, 59 pages. And, "The Doctrine of Predestination stated and set in the Scripture light; in opposition to Mr. Wesley's Predestination Calmly Considered. With a reply to the exceptions of the said writer to the Doctrine -- In Rev. John Gill, D.D. of the Perseverance of the Saints." 149 one 1752 8vo, 52 pages. In the latter production, Dr. Gill says, that Wesley, in noticing his Age 49 former one, had "contented himself with low, mean, and impertinent exceptions, not attempting to answer argument, and yet having the assurance, in the public papers, to call this miserable piece of his, chiefly written on another subject, A full answer to Dr. Gill's pamphlet on Final Perseverance.'" This, on the part of Dr. Gill, was the wincing whine of a defeated man. It was not worthy of him. Dr. Gill was now fifty-five years of age, and a man of vast learning and research. Before his twentieth year, he had read all the Greek and Latin authors that had fallen in his way, and had so studied Hebrew as to be able to read the Old Testament in the original with pleasure. Besides other works, he was the author of "A Body of Divinity," in three quarto volumes; and of "An Exposition of the Old and New Testament," in nine volumes, folio. The university of Aberdeen had conferred upon him the degree of a doctor of divinity," on account of his great knowledge of the Scriptures, of the oriental languages, and of Jewish antiquities, of his learned defence of the Scriptures against deists and infidels, and the reputation gained by his other works"; but, in terse, powerful, conclusive argument, John Gill was not a match for John Wesley. He was a man of excellent moral character; but he was an ultra Calvinist. He was a man of unwearied diligence, of laborious research, of vast learning; but his immense mass of valuable materials were comparatively useless, for he had neither talent to digest, nor skill to arrange them. We think it was Robert Hall who not inaptly described his voluminous productions as "a continent of mud." He died in 1771. 5. Another of Wesley's publications in 1752 was, "A Second Letter to the Author of The Enthusiasm of Methodists and Papists compared.'" This was published in the month of January; and, at the same time, was issued, “A Third Letter to the Author of the Enthusiasm of Methodists," etc. By Vincent Perronet, A.M.; price sixpence." 1 1 London Magazine, 1752, p. 48. 1752 Age 49 Lavington published the second part of his lampooning work in 1749;' and part third in 1751. Of Part II., Whitefield wrote, in a letter to Lady Huntingdon, dated August 24, 1749-"I have seen the bishop's second pamphlet, in which he serves the Methodists, as the Bishop of Constance served John Huss, when he ordered painted devils to be put round his head, before they burnt him. His preface to me is most virulent. Everything I wrote, in my answer, is turned into the vilest ridicule. I cannot see that it calls for any further answer from me. Mr. Wesley, I think, had best attack him now, as he is largely concerned in this second part."2 Whitefield was not a match for an episcopal buffoon like Lavington; and hence he hands him over to his trenchant friend Wesley. The preface, of more than thirty pages, addressed to Whitefield, was full of banter; and in Part II., following it, he is treated with the same coarse rudeness. He and Wesley and the Methodist preachers in general are accused of assuming "the ostentation of sanctified looks," "fantastical oddities," "affectation of godly and Scripture phrases," "and high pretensions to inspiration." "Their great swelling words of vanity, and proud boastings, had been carried to a most immoderate and insufferable degree." "They were either innocent madmen, or infamous cheats." As for Whitefield, "no man ever so bedaubed himself with his own spittle. His first Account of God's Dealings with him was such a boyish, ludicrous, filthy, nasty, and shameless relation of himself, as quite defiles paper, and is shocking to decency and modesty. It is a perfect jakes of uncleanness." Wesley had "so fanaticised his own followers, and given them so many strong doses of the enthusiastic tincture, as to turn their brains and deprive them of their senses." "The mountebank's infallible prescriptions must be swallowed, whatever be the consequence, though they die for it." The Methodists are charged with "the black art of calumny, with excessive pride and vanity, with scepticisms and disbeliefs of God and Christ, with disorderly practices, and inveterate broils among themselves, and with a coolness for London Magazine, 1749, p. 388. |