1759 He adopted the practice of catechizing children and young Age 56 people in the church; and, though his parish was ten miles. wide, he left no part of it neglected, but regularly visited the most indigent and illiterate. He assembled, at his own house, companies of young men for prayer and religious improvement; and yet, all the while, he was not converted, and was in the greatest danger of becoming a Socinian. All men praised him, but he was not happy. To obtain peace of conscience, he fasted more frequently than had been his wont, and sometimes, at the altar in his church, signed, with his own blood, solemn covenants to devote himself to the service of his Maker, and to render himself acceptable to heaven by his sanctity. Still he was unhappy; but, at length, by reading the Scriptures, he was led to see the gospel plan of salvation, and, on Christmas day, 1758, trusted in Christ, and found peace. "I went up stairs and down again," said he, " backwards and forwards in my room, clapping my hands for joy, and crying, 'I have found Him; I have found Him, whom my soul loveth'; and, for a little time, whether in the body or out of it, I could hardly tell." On the ensuing sabbath, Mr. Conyers publicly related his conversion in his parish church; and, at once, began to preach, "By grace are ye saved, through faith, not of works, lest any man should boast." His preaching was now attended with marvellous success. The converts in the hamlets, in his widely extended parish, he formed into classes, men by themselves, women by themselves; and these into married and unmarried classes. At appointed times, he met them for spiritual communion; and, every day, at eleven o'clock, preached in some part of his parish. He erected a room, adjoining the parsonage, which was open every morning and evening for all who thought proper to attend his domestic worship; and the greater part of his personal and parochial income was devoted to the relief of poverty. Such was good Dr. Conyers. Six months after his conversion, he wrote to Wesley as follows. 66 "HELMSLEY, July 9, 1759. REVEREND SIR,-I received your obliging letter yesterday, and sincerely thank you for your affectionate prayers to God for me. He has been pleased, I believe, to make you a noble instrument of promoting His glory; and great, I doubt not, will be your reward in heaven. May He "I am, dear sir, your affectionate friend and fellow servant, A third clergyman, with whom Wesley commenced a correspondence in 1759, must be mentioned. The Hon. and Rev. Walter Shirley was a first cousin of the Countess of Huntingdon, in whose London mansion he became acquainted with the Methodistic leaders of the day. He was converted by the ministry of Venn, and held a Church living in Ireland. He was now thirty-three years old; his preaching was richly evangelical; and to convert sinners was the one object of his life. Cope, bishop of Clonfert, warned him to "lay aside his exceptionable doctrines," and threatened to "proceed in the most effectual manner to suppress them." "Menaces, my lord," said Shirley, "between gentlemen, are illiberal; but when they cannot be put into execution, they are contemptible." The Archbishop of Tuam knew how to respect him, and, more than once, treated the charges brought against him with well merited contempt. On one occasion, the curate of Loughrea came with an air of great importance, and with a certainty of ruining the intractable Methodist. "Oh, your grace," exclaimed this weak headed curate, “I have such a circumstance to communicate to you, 1759 Age 56 1 Methodist Magazine, 1797, p. 354. It may be added, that, in 1775, Dr. Conyers became rector of Deptford, where he converted his coachhouse and stable into a domestic chapel, and established lectures four nights every week. On April 23, 1786, after preaching to a crowded congregation in Deptford church, and while pronouncing the benediction, his speech faltered; he was taken home; and, within four hours afterwards, he was in heaven. VOL. II. 2 1759 one that will astonish you!" "Indeed," replied the archAge 56 bishop, "what can it be?" "Why, my lord," rejoined the curate with a solemn air, " Mr. Shirley wears white stockings." "Very anti-clerical, and very dreadful," responded the waggish prelate : "does Mr. Shirley wear them. over his boots?" "No, your grace." "Well, sir," added the archbishop, "the first time you find him with his stockings over his boots, pray inform me, and I shall deal with him accordingly." 2 The following is an extract from Shirley's letter to Wesley in 1759. "LOUGHREA, August 21, 1759. "REVEREND AND DEAR SIR,-Your obliging and truly Christian letter was welcome to my soul, ten thousand, thousand times; and brought a satisfaction, which could only be exceeded by the pleasure of a personal conversation with you. I am not without hope, that, when you shall think fit to visit those blessed seminaries of vital religion in this kingdom, of your own planting, you will take an opportunity of honouring this place, and more particularly my house, with the presence of one, whose labours in the gospel of my dear Master are so eminent. I highly honour and love Mr. Berridge, and Mr. Grimshaw. May God bless them with increasing success! And may He endue me with the same noble courage! What will you say, dear sir? Will you not give up every favourable opinion of so unworthy a minister as I am, when I inform you, that, though there are many under my charge, who confess they have been awakened, yet I dare not boast of any confirmed converts, through my preaching and ministry. I am now about to leave them for two or three months; being in a very bad state of health, and advised to go to Bath. Let me entreat your earnest prayers. "I am your affectionate brother, "WALTER SHIRLEY."3 1 After all, this was an ecclesiastical peccadillo. The following is an extract from the seventy-fourth canon of the Church of England, and has never been repealed. “All deans, masters of colleges, archdeacons and prebendaries, doctors in divinity, bachelors in divinity, and masters of arts, having any ecclesiastical livings, shall usually wear, in their journeys, cloaks with sleeves, without gards, welts, long buttons, or cuts. And no ecclesiastical person shall wear any coif or wrought nightcap, but only plain nightcaps of black silk, satin, or velvet. In private houses and in their studies, the said persons ecclesiastical may use any comely and scholarlike apparel, provided that it be not cut or pinckt, and that in public they go not in their doublet and hose, without coats or cassocks; and that they wear not any light coloured stockings." How is it that the ritualists of the present day disregard this canon of their church? 2 Stevens's "History of Methodism,” vol. ii., p. 19. Wesley and French Prisoners. 339 1759 We must now come back to Wesley. On his return to London from Norwich, on September 14, he gave orders for Age 56 the immediate repairing of West Street chapel, the main timbers of which were actually rotten. He rode to Canterbury, where his congregation included "two hundred soldiers, and a whole row of officers." At Dover, he found a new chapel just finished, and opened it. Returning to London, he preached, on September 23, to a vast congregation in Moorfields, and wrote: "Who can say the time for field preaching is over, while-(1) greater numbers than ever attend; (2) the converting, as well as convincing, power of God is eminently present with them ?" He then set out for Bristol. At Basingstoke, he preached "to a people slow of heart and dull of understanding." ` He opened a new chapel at Whitchurch; and pronounced another at Salisbury "the most complete in England." Here large numbers of the Hampshire militia attended preaching; but, he says, "it was as music to a horse; such brutish behaviour have I seldom seen." At Bristol, he employed his leisure time in finishing the fourth volume of his sermons, "probably," says he, "the last which I shall publish." He walked to Knowle, a mile from Bristol, to see the French prisoners, eleven hundred of whom were lying on beds of straw, covered with thin rags, and in danger of dying. He went back, and the same night preached on, "Thou shalt not oppress a stranger; for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt"; he made a collection of £24; and, out of this, bought some dozens of stockings, shirts, waistcoats, and breeches for the poor captives. Wesley was not content with this; but wrote the following letter, which was published in Lloyd's Evening Post, of October 26. "BRISTOL, October 20, 1759. "SIR,-Since I came to Bristol, I heard many terrible accounts concerning the French prisoners at Knowle: as, 'That they were so wedged together, that they had no room to breathe; that the stench of the rooms where they lodged was intolerable; that their food was only fit for dogs; that their meat was carrion, their bread rotten and unwholesome; and that, in consequence of this inhuman treatment, they died in shoals.' "Desiring to know the truth, I went to Knowle, and was showed all the apartments there. But how was I disappointed? I. I found they had large and convenient space to walk in, if they chose it, all the day. 2. 1759 There was no stench in any apartment I was in, either below or above. Age 56 They were all sweeter and cleaner than any prison I have seen either in England or elsewhere. 3. Being permitted to go into the larder, I observed the meat hanging up, two large quarters of beef. It was fresh and fat, and I verily think as good as ever I desire to eat. 4. A large quantity of bread lay on one side. A gentleman took up and cut one of the loaves. It was made of good flour, was well baked, and perfectly well tasted. 5. Going thence to the hospital, I found that, even in this sickly season, there are not thirty persons dangerously ill, out of twelve or thirteen hundred. 6. This hospital was sweeter and cleaner throughout, than any hospital I ever saw in London. I think it my duty to declare these things, for clearing the innocent, and the honour of the English nation. “Yet one thing I observed with concern. A great part of these poor men are almost naked and winter is now coming upon them in a cold prison, and a colder climate than most of them have been accustomed to. But will not the humanity and generosity of the gentlemen of Bristol prevent or relieve this distress? Did they not make a noble precedent during the late war? And surely they are not weary of well doing. Tuesday night, we did a little according to our power; but I shall rejoice, if this be forgotten through the abundance administered by their liberality, in a manner which they judge most proper. Will it not be, both for the honour of the city and country, for the credit of our religion, and for the glory of God, who knows how to return it sevenfold into their bosom? "I am your humble servant, "JOHN WESLEY." Wesley's effort was not without results: "Presently after, the corporation of Bristol sent a large quantity of mattresses and blankets; and it was not long before contributions were set on foot in London, and in various parts of the kingdom," for the selfsame object as that for which Wesley preached his impromptu sermon, and wrote his letter. On October 26, he returned to London, where he remained until November 22, when he again set out for Everton, at which place he had to officiate for Berridge, who had gone to preach before the university at Cambridge. On his way, Wesley stopped at Bedford, and writes: “We had a pretty large congregation; but the stench from the swine under the room was scarce supportable. Was ever a preaching place over a hogstye before? Surely they love the gospel, who come to hear it in such a place." This garret to a pigstye was an upper room, used for spinning, in a yard leading from the High Street. The room was bad enough, the stye was worse, and Alderman Parker's nephew was worst |