ADAM filius Suwani omnibus hominibus suis, Francis et Anglis, salutem. Sciatis me concessisse et confirmasse elemosinam quam dedit Mahald, uxor Godardi2, Deo et sancte Bege, viz., Enereseiset, et volo et precipio ut monachi de sancta Bega habeant et teneant eam, liberam et quietam ab omni terreno servicio et in pura elemosina, et do eis meam firmam pacem et eam elemosinam sicut ipsa dedit [et] concessit. Testibus Jordano ministro domini, Waltero Flandrigena, et Gilmichel filio Dunadag.

42. CARTA ALANI FILII RONALDI DE J MARCA.

OMNIBUS sancte matris ecclesie filiis presentibus et futuris, Alanus filius Rolandi, dominus Galwath[ie] et Scocie constabularius,1 salutem. Noveritis nos conces

2 Godard, the first lord of Millom on record, was one of the earliest benefactors of St. Bees. His charter of endowment is found at No. 76. See also Nos. 1-4. He is called Godard de Boivilla in a charter which he granted to the monks of Furness (Annales Furnes., p. 118). The family of Boyvill was afterwards known by the territorial name of Millom. The name of Arthur son of Godard appears in the Pipe Roll of 1182 as paying a debt to the Crown for recognition of his knight's fee against the countess of Coupland.

42. 1 Alan son of Roland, iord of Galloway and constable of Scotland, was a great man in his day, called indifferently Alan the Great or prince of Galloway, who treated with King John in apparent independence of his own sovereign. His father Roland son of Uctred son of Fergus seized Galloway in 1185 on the death of his uncle Gilbert son of Fergus, but he made his peace with HenryII. at Carlisle in the following year (Hoveden, ii. 299, 309). Roland died on 19 December, 1200, and was buried at Northampton (Ibid., iv. 145). In right of his mother Helena, daughter of Richard de Moreville, Alan became constable of Scotland and in 1209 married a daughter of David, earl of Huntingdon, brother of the Scottish King (Chron. de Mailros, Bann. Club, p. 108). In 1212 King John requested him to send 1,000 of his best and most active Galwegians to Chester for his expedition against the Welsh (Close R. 14 John, m. 7d.) Shortly after, Alan received from that King grants of large tracts of land in Ireland (Chart. R. 15

sisse et dedisse et hac presenti carta nostra confirmasse Deo et beate Marie et sancte Bege de Coupel[and] et monachis ibidem Deo servientibus unam marcam argenti annuatim percipiendam de camera nostra donec eis redditum unius marce vel in terra vel in ecclesiastica elemosina assignaverimus, scilicet, medietatem ad Pentecosten, et medietatem ad festum sancti Martini. Hanc autem predictam elemosinam concedimus Deo et beate Marie et sancte Bege de Coupeland et predictis monachis in puram et perpetuam [elemosinam] de nobis et heredibus nostris inperpetuum percipiendam. Ut autem hec nostra concessio perpetuis rata sit et firma temporibus eam presenti pagina et sigilli nostri apposicione corroboravimus. Hiis testibus Alano filio Ketelli, Alano de Camerton, Gilberto filio Gospatrici, Roberto de Haverington, Willelmo de Mara, Randulfo de Caude Campania, Alexandro filio Adam, Michaele capellano, Alexandro de Stainburn, magistro Thoma, magistro Adam de Thorn clerico nostro.

43.

CARTA GUTHREDI REGIS INSULARUM DE ESCHEDALA IN BOSCO, PLANO, PASTURA, ET OMNIBUS ALIIS.

SCIANT omnes tam presentes quam futuri quod ego Guthredus1, Dei gracia, rex Insularum, tam pro salute mea quam pro animabus patris et matris mee necnon et pro statu regni et populi mei, concessi et dedi Deo et sancte Bege et monachis ibidem Deo servientibus in puram et perpetuam elemosinam terram, que vocatur John, m. 3, 17 John, pt. i., m. 10). He died in 1234 and was buried in the abbey of Dundraynan, leaving three daughters, one of whom (Devorguil) had been married to John Balliol in 1233 (Chron. de Mailros, pp. 143-4). Alan of Galloway had a family connection with Cumberland, for his grandmother, Gunnild, wife of Uctred son of Fergus, was a daughter of Waldeve son of Gospatrick, lord of Allerdale (Liber S. Crucis, Bann. Club, pp. 19-20).

43. 1 Guthred or Godred II. 1154-1187.

Eschedala2, in bosco et plano, aqua et pastura et omnibus rebus eidem pertinentibus, liberam, solutam, et quietam ab omni terreno servicio tam de pecunia quam et acuez3 et ab omni gravamine tam a me quam ab omnibus meis cum eisdem legibus et libertatibus quas habent super terram et homines suos circa ecclesiam sancte Bege in Coupalandia. Terram eciam que vocatur Asmundertoftes1 de eis in additamentum prefate terre quamdiu potero eis warentire absque calumpnia alicuius meorum proborum virorum. Quod si contigerit, scilicet, me non posse cum pace eis warentire ea, dabo concambium eis advalens de propinquioribus et sibi magis necessariis terris, quas invenire liberas in manu mea poterunt cum eisdem legibus et libertatibus quas prediximus nos prefate terre concessisse. Hanc vero donacionem fecimus eis in excambium pro ecclesia sancti Olavi et villula que vocatur Euastad, quia nimis erat brevis et angusta eis tam ad culturam quam ad pascua animalium. Hanc elemosinam servantibus et manutenentibus sit pax continua et salus eterna de inimicis victoria. Hiis testibus domino G. episcopo, Thoma capellano meo, Gillochristo fratre et collactaneo meo.

2 Now Groudle Glen near Douglas.

"This word, which appears again in No. 44, is given as aconuweys and acconeuez when the charters are inspected in Nos. 47-8. No suggestion of the nature of the service can be made. The term has not been found elsewhere. Has it any relation to the

ecu or skeld, an ancient basis of assessment in Friesland?

4 Not identified.

Not identified. There is nothing in this collection of deeds to show how the monks of St. Bees acquired the little town of Evastad with its church of St. Olave.

6

Gamaliel, consecrated between 1154 and 1161 by Archbishop Roger of York (Stubbs, Registrum Sac. Angl., p. 210). Buried at Peterborough.

7 Gillechrist appears to have been nursed by the same mother as King Guthred, though they were not related in blood. On the custom of fostering and its consequences, see E. W. Robertson, Hist. Essays, pp. 200-202.

44.

CARTA RAGNALDI REGIS INSULARUM DE DIMIDIA PARTE DE ORMESHAN.

RAGDNALDUS,1 Dei gracia, rex Insularum, omnibus sancte matris ecclesie filiis ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, salutem. Sciatis me concessisse, dedisse, et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse, pro salute mea et pro animabus parentum meorum, necnon et pro statu regni mei, Deo et sancte Bege in Couplandia et monachis ibidem Deo servientibus, in puram et perpetuam elemosinam, totam medietatem terre que vocatur Ormeshan,2 illam medietatem, scilicet, que adjacet versus mare apud portum de Corna, et aciam terram Asmundertoftes, in bosco et plano, in aqua et pastura, et in omnibus aliis aisiamentis eisdem terris pertinentibus, liberas et quietas et solutas ab omni terreno servicio tam de pecunia quam aconeuz et ab omni gravamine tam a me quam ab omnibus hominibus meis cum eisdem legibus et libertatibus quas monachi sancte Marie de Russin3 habent. Et ut mea donacio rata et inconcussa permaneat illam literarum mearum et sigilli mei apposicione corroboravi. Hiis testibus Dermicio archidiacono, Reginaldo capellano, Gospatricio filio Henrici, Reginaldo filio Dermicii, Laurencio persona sancte Brigide1 et aliis multis.

44. 1 Ragdnald, Reginald, Reynold, 1188-1226 (Chron. Manniae, pp. 79-80, 90, ed. Munch).

2 A. W. Moore says that the name of Ormeshan is obsolete : it was on the site of the Conchan village (Manx Place-Names, p. 214), but this does not agree with the geographical situation given here. Port Cornah is many miles north of Onchan or Conchan. Several Cumberland place-names, like Eskdale, Corney, Kirksanton and Fleswick Bay, are repeated in the Isle of Man.

Founded by King Olave in 1134 and colonized from Furness. See the extracts from the Chronicle of Man in Dugdale (Mon., v. 252), or the Manx Society edition (Munch), i. 62.

4 A church in the north-east of the island with fragments of two Runic crosses. Now called Bride or Kirk Bride.

45. CARTA OLAVI REGIS INSULARUM DE LICENCIA EMENDI LX BOVES IN MANNIA AUT TOT OVES ET PORCOS QUOT POSSUNT EMI PRO PRECIO LX BOUM ETC.

UNIVERSIS Sancte matris ecclesie filiis ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, Olavus, rex1 Insularum, salutem. Noverit universitas vestra me dedisse et concessisse et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse Deo et ecclesie sancte Marie et sancte Bege de Coupland et monachis ibidem Deo servientibus, pro salute anime mee et animarum antecessorum meorum, in puram et perpetuam elemosinam, licenciam emendi singulis annis in terra mea, libere, quiete sine omni exaccione et impedimento mei aut heredum meorum aut ballivorum meorum, sexaginta boves aut tot oves et porcos quot possunt emi in terra mea pro precio sexaginta boum et ut hec donacio mea firma et stabilis permaneat, presenti carte sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus magistro Mauricio, Therkillo filio Nigelli, Mauricio clerico, Johanne Ruffo, et aliis.

46. CARTA ABBATIS ET CAPITULI ABBACIE DE RUSCHYN DE ASMUNDIRTOFT IN MAN.

OMNIBUS ad quorum noticiam litere presentes pervenerint, abbas et conventus de Ruschin in Insula de Man, salutem in domino sempiternam. Noverit universitas vestra nos, ex communi assensu nostro, concessisse, remisisse et omnino pro nobis et successoribus nostris quietum-clamasse abbati de Ebor[aco], priori et monachis de sancta Bega in Coupland, totum jus et clameum quod habemus vel in aliquo modo habere poterimus in totis terris et tenementis in Asmundertoft in Insula de Man,

45. 11226-1237. Buried in the abbey of Russin. The Chronicle of Lanercost (p. 46) calls him Alan, son of Godred, brother of Reginald. The mistake was easy, Olavus, Olanus, Alanus.