the proposition of his own fixed opinion that the separation between the sections of the United States can be prolonged but a few months at the farthest, and the South will then return, covering its retreat from the defiant position by the proposal of some compromise.

"But what compromise will compensate for a deed so significant as the election of Mr. Lincoln? This has a profound meaning which no vote can ever take away; it means that the conquests of slavery are finished. This being so, the future is easily predicted. The increasing majorities of the North-the increasing disproportion of the two parties of the Confederation. After four years of a Lincoln administration, the Slave States, with their eight millions of whites employed in guarding four millions of blacks, will have lost all hope of making headway against the twenty millions of citizens inhabiting the Free States. Let us add that, the future once settled, and the question of preponderancy once determined, a host of evil passions will die out, one by The number of Free States will multi

one.

ply not only by the clearing of new territories, but by the enfranchisement of the sparsely scattered slaves, constantly getting fewer, in Maryland, Delaware, and Missouri. We shall then see these Border States, one after the other, recovering, at the same time, their life and their liberty; they will be transformed as at the touch of a fairy's

...

wand."

EMANCIPATION.

words when the results of colonial emancipation were still a problem, and that he afterwards cheerfully acknowledged his error and became one of the warmest friends of negro freedom, though this terrible sentence remained unexpunged from the record of his book.

umny

By the statistics of the freed Antilles, De Gasparin proceeds to refute the stale calthat co-existence necessarily brings ruin to either party. In spite of the aversion to labor naturally engendered in the negro mind by memories of involuntary servitude-spite the traditional aversion of the negro to labor for more than the pressing necessities of life-spite the moral degradation and enfeeblement of a long bondage which could not be done away by emancipation in a day-spite the commercial crisis brought about by the sudden enactment of free trade in 1847-spite every discouragement, material and spiritual-the negroes of the English Antilles have not only made more and more valuable sugar since their emancipation, but have steadily improved in every respect of civil and social condition. Meanwhile, the whites, though, as a matter of course, more or less impoverished through the failure of their flesh-and-blood fortunes, have been able to secure the faithful work of the negroes at the low figure of a shilling per diem-and learned to live harmoniously by their side, even intermingling with them in the offices of church and state.

Having arrived at the conclusion that Mr. To this statement those of us who have Lincoln's election is the death-knell of slav-been in the Danish Islands of Santa Cruz

can afford a striking parallel

But above all the consideration of profit De Gasparin sets the influence of the gospel

the moral force of clearly apprehended right-as the controlling means in the production of a harmony of co-existence. Hoping that his faith may indeed be justified by our works-and with God and a free nation, more impossible things than this have been made possible-we turn to his concluding chapter. This is the final assertion of his original proposition-the "q. e. d." of the whole book.

ery in the United States, De Gasparin, in his ninth chapter, asks the very natural and pressing question, "What shall be done with the freed men ?-The co-existence of the two races after emancipation." The answer which he gives himself requires all our faith to make it seem credible. The races will co-exist, he says, and co-exist harmoniously. That there was never a more serious error than that of De Tocqueville: "Up to this moment, wherever the whites have had the ascendency they have held the negro in degradation and bondage; wherever the negroes have been the stronger the white man has been exterminated. This is the only account which can ever be opened between the two races." De Gasparin, who knew De From the repudiation of debts, of whose Tocqueville well, says that he wrote these gospel the Southern Federal head, Mr. Jeff

tutions of the United States."
"The actual crisis will upraise the insti-

Davis, is the great apostle; from the gross corruption and vendibility of our legislative counsellors; from presidents trempling under the whip of an oligarchy, and cabinets hastening into grand larceny and treason for its behoof; from a cringing pulpit and a stifled press; from popular elections which wore a ghastly mockery of popular expression; from the disgraceful sight of a free majority vainly struggling to carry salutary measures against the threats of an anarchical and truculent minority; from the shame of standing representative before the world of freedom in its purest form, with the stain upon our skirts of slavery in its vilest; from all these things most good men in America have long prayed in sad and earnest litany, "Good Lord, deliver us!" The Lord has many ways. We had hoped he would select that pleasant one-peaceable conversion to the knowledge of the truth. But he did not choose it. The birth pangs must come before the birth. "This hour of struggle," says M. Gasparin, "is the hour of deliverance." We believe it. It is God's way, and America's best way.

With a few passages from our author's eloquent peroration we close the wisest book which has been written upon America since De Tocqueville:

and support, without discouragements, without defections. Europe will understand this.

"As for those brave souls who are struggling in the North, they will be glad to know that they are remembered on this side of the Atlantic. We can greatly help them to the earlier or later re-establishment of the Union. If the Gulf States only knew with what insurmountable disgust we here regard their Confederation, founded for the maintenance and prosperity of human bondage; if the Border States knew what sympathy they will win by turning towards Freedom-what maledictions they will incur if they declare against her; if the Northern States knew what support is assured to them by this power, the mightiest of all, which men call public opinion-it is permitted us to believe that the actual crisis would hasten to a speedy and peaceable solution."

Referring to Mr. Lincoln's parting entreaty, on the day he left Springfield, that the people would pray for him, Gasparin bursts into the following response:

"Pray for me!' we will pray for you. Ah, courage, O Lincoln! the friends of America and of liberty are with you. Courage! you hold in your hands at once the destinies of a great principle and a great nation. Courage! you have both to resist your friends and make front against your enemies-it is the condition imposed upon every man who does the right in this world. Courage! you will have need of it to-morrow, for the next year, unto the end-you will need it alike in peace and war-you will need it to fortify yourself against compromising both in war and peace that noble progress of whose accomplishment you hold the stewardry-no more conquests for slavery. Courage! as you say, the part which you must act has an importance second to none-not even to that of Washington himself. To raise the United States up again is a task no less glorious than to have founded them.

"Now is the American people struggling to upraise itself. Enterprise as difficult as glorious! Whatever may be the issue of the first conflict which is now setting itself in array, it will be the first conflict only. There will be many others-the upraising of a great people is not the work of a day. As in peace, so in war, perhaps with the states who are taking into their hands the cause of slavery, the American Confederation will behold the successive development of those consequences which rightfully led to that decisive event, the election of Mr. Lincoln. Having broken with the past, it will be com- "It is from a distance, no doubt, that we pelled to enter further and further into the express these sympathies-but this is one of paths of the future. Yes, we have seen it- the things in which he judges best who stands whichever hypothesis may be realized among farthest; Europe is well situated for an apthose which it has been granted us to fore-preciation of the present crisis. The opinsee as possible the cause of slavery is des- ion of France in particular should have tined to suffer defeat upon defeat. She has weight with the United States; independstopped growing-she has begun to decay-ently of our ancient alliances, we are perto decay by separation, to decay by union, haps the nation of all most interested in the to decay by peace, to decay by war. As success of the Confederation. In our retruly as there shall be obstacles without views and journals there are friendly voices number to surmount for the accomplishment far and wide which hasten to carry to Amerof this work, so truly shall the work be ac-ica the cordial expression of our devotion. complished. Certainly it deserves our love In praying for the final triumph of the

North, we pray for the well-being alike of North and South, their common greatness, their everlasting prosperity.

"Justice never can do harm. I love to recall this maxim as I consider the present situation of America. In escaping from certain and shameful death, she will certainly not escape struggles and difficulties; in her re-entrance into life she will encounter, for a longer time than may be imagined, both peril and battle; of these is life composed. It is a laborious trade, this living; and nations who would hold their place upon the globe, had better learn that they shall have their share of suffering. Perchance it enters into the plans of God that the United States should suffer for awhile some diminution of their grandeur, that in the mean time it may learn its flag to be none the less respected, none the less glorious, for the loss of a few of its stars. Those which it has lost will some day re-appear there, and how many others, now in waiting, will run to swell the

Federal constellation! With what acclamation shall Europe hail the future progress of the United States, when it shall have ceased forever to be that of slavery!

"At present America is engaged in the liquidation of a bad business. The day of liquidation is always disagreeable; but at its close credit revives. Thus shall it be with America. Often has she boasted the energetic cool-headedness of her business men; when they are ruined they waste no time in lamentations or despondency; they have their fortunes to rebuild. In the same way, if things come to their worst-and we must suppose the present crisis comparable to a ruin-there is a nation to rebuild; they will rebuild it.

"Gentlemen,' said Mr. Seward, recently at the close of a great speech in Congress, were this Union to-day shattered by the spirit of faction, it would to-morrow reconstruct itself with the former majestic proportions.'

"THE vigorous measures adopted for the researches, being struck with the similarity of a safety of Washington and the Government itself reaction of one of his compounds with the colormay seem open to criticism, in some of their de-ing matter of madder, he more fully investigated the matter, and has now been rewarded with the tails, to those who have yet to learn that not grand discovery that the superb and costly scaronly has war like peace its laws, but it has also let dye, alizarine, may easily be prepared from its privileges and its duties. Whatever of se-naphthaline. The artificial dye has been found verity, or even of irregularity, may have arisen, to present exactly the external appearance of the will find its justification in the pressure of the terrible necessity under which the Administration has been called to act. When a man feels the poniard of the destroyer at his bosom, he is not likely to consult the law books as to the mode or measure of his rights of self-defence. What is true of individuals is, in this respect, equally true of governments. The man who thinks he has become disloyal because of what the Administration has done, will probably discover, MR. TEGG is about to re-issue "The Family after a close self-examination, that he was dis-Library," originally published by Mr. Murray. loyal before. But for what has been done, Many illustrious names, some of them of the Washington might ere this have been a smoul-past, were connected with this series. Among dering heap of ruins."

natural coloring matter; it volatilizes with a yellow vapor, yielding dark red crystalline needles; it dissolves in alkalies with a beautiful deep bluepurple color; and furnishes, like madder alizarine, most beautifully colored cakes. Artificial alizarine dyes like natural alizarine, and imparts the same pure tints.

them may be named Allan Cunningham, Washington Irving, Sir Walter Scott, Robert Southey, Sir David Brewster, Sir F. B. Head, Mr. CrofA FRENCH chemist, M. Z. Roussin, has for ton Croker, Sir Francis Palgrave, Mr. Locksome time been occupied in preparing colored hart, etc., etc. It is proposed to issue monthly derivatives from naphthaline, and by appropri-thirteen volumes, handsomely bound, at a cheap ate treatment has produced various beautiful rate. shades of color, from a faint blush to a deep maroon, according to the strength of the material, the colors, moreover, being of remarkable permanency, unchangeable in the light, and not attacked by any bleaching agent. In some of his

DURING the past week Mr. Murray has issued the eighth thousand of Mr. Du Chaillu's "Adventures in Africa."

out "soft," or, as he himself had seemed to late sound. At last the other thought he intimate, a "scamp." heard him say.