L

Character of General Lee. - Reduced State of the Army.- Re-

inforced by Troops from Ticonderoga. - General Washington in-

vested with extraordinary Powers by Congress. His Manner of

using them. He recrosses the Delaware. - Battle of Trenton. -

Battle of Princeton. The Army goes into Winter-Quarters at

Morristown. Remarks on these Events.

-

--

197

CHAPTER X.

General Washington's Proclamation. - His Preparations for the next

Campaign. Exchange of Prisoners. - Condition of the Ameri-

can Prisoners in New York. - Military Operations in New Jersey.

-The Army crosses the Delaware and encamps near German-

town. Washington's first Interview with Lafayette. Sir Wil-

liam Howe lands at the Head of Elk.— Battle of the Brandywine.

- New Powers conferred on Washington by Congress.- Battle of

Germantown. Skirmishes at Whitemarsh. Sufferings of the

Army. Winter Encampment at Valley Forge.-Spurious Letters

written and circulated in the name of Washington. — Conway's

Cabal. Persons concerned in it. — Honorable and generous Con-

duct of Lafayette in Relation to this Affair.

CHAPTER XI.

-

Sufferings of the Army at Valley Forge. - New Arrangements con-

certed with a Committee of Congress. - Half-pay granted to the

Officers for a Term of Years. Proceedings in Regard to Lord

North's conciliatory Bills. - Arrival of the French Treaties of

Alliance and Commerce. - Comparative Strength of the British

and American Armies. Discussions respecting an Attack on

Philadelphia. - Plans of the Enemy. - Evacuation of Philadelphia.

— The Army crosses the Delaware. — Battle of Monmouth. –

Arrest and Trial of General Lee. Arrival of the French Fleet

under Count d'Estaing. Plans for combined Operations between

the Fleet and the American Army. Failure of an Attempt

against the Enemy at Rhode Island. - Cantonments of the Army

for the Winter. - Exchange of Prisoners.- Congress.- Project

of an Expedition to Canada.

-

235

276

CHAPTER XII.

-

Conferences with a Committee of Congress, and Plans for the next

Campaign. Sullivan's Expedition against the Indians. - The

Enemy commence a predatory Warfare. -The Burning of New

Haven, Fairfield, and Norwalk. Stony Point stormed and taken.

Successful Enterprise against Paulus Hook. Washington's

-

---

Interviews with the French Minister. Plans proposed for co-

-

operating with Count d'Estaing. - The Army goes into Winter-

Quarters. Depreciation of the currency, and its effects. Arrival

of the Marquis de Lafayette, with the Intelligence that a French

Armament was on its Way to the United States. The Army

takes a Position near Hudson's River.-The French Squadron

arrives at Newport. Count de Rochambeau's Instructions.

French Fleet blockaded. - Interview between General Washing-

ton and the French Commander at Hartford. - The Treason of

Arnold. Plans for attacking New York.
316

---

CHAPTER XIII.

--

Mutiny of the Pennsylvania and New Jersey Troops. - Agency of

Washington in procuring Supplies from France. - Limited Powers

of Congress. Operations of the Enemy in the Chesapeake. —

Detachment to Virginia under Lafayette.-General Washington

visits Count de Rochambeau at Newport.-Condition of the Army.

-Interview between the American and French Commanders at

Weathersfield. Plan of Operations. A combined Attack on

New York proposed. -Junction between the American and French

Armies. Intelligence from Count de Grasse in the West Indies

changes the Objects of the Campaign. - Successful Operations

of Lafayette against Cornwallis. -The combined Armies cross

the Hudson and march to Virginia. - The Fleet of Count de

Grasse enters the Chesapeake. -Siege of Yorktown. - Capitu-

lation. The American Army returns to Hudson's River; the

French remains in Virginia.

CHAPTER XIV.

Preparations for another Campaign recommended and enforced by

General Washington and approved by Congress. - Lafayette re-

turns to France. -The Affair of Captain Asgill. Backwardness

of the States in recruiting the Army. - Proposal to General Wash-

ington to assume Supreme Power, and his Reply. - Sir Guy

Carleton gives Notice, that Negotiations for Peace had begun.-

The French Troops march from Virginia, join General Washington,

and afterwards embark at Boston. - Dissatisfaction of the Army.

The Officers send a Memorial to Congress. - The anonymous

Addresses at Newburg. Intelligence arrives, that a Treaty of

Peace had been signed at Paris. - General Washington's Senti-

ments concerning the civil Government of the Union. - His Cir-

cular Letter to the States. He makes a Tour to the North.-

Repairs to Congress at the Request of that Body. - His Farewell

Address to the Army. - The British evacuate New York. - Wash-

ington resigns his Commission, and retires to private Life at Mount

Vernon.

-

346

373

ces.

-

CHAPTER XV.

He declines receiving pecuniary Compensation for his public Servi-

- His Feelings on being relieved from the Burden of Office.

Devotes himself to Agriculture. Makes a Tour to the Western

Country. His extensive Plans for internal Navigation. - These

Plans adopted by the State of Virginia. - Visit of the Marquis de

Lafayette to America. - Washington refuses to accept a Dona-

tion from the State of Virginia. - His liberal Acts for the Encour-

agement of Education. — Approves the Countess of Huntington's

Scheme for civilizing and Christianizing the Indians. - His Opera-

tions in Farming and Horticulture. Visiters at Mount Vernon. -

His Habits. Houdon's Statue. Condition of the Country and

Defects of the Confederacy. Washington's Sentiments thereon.

- First Steps towards effecting a Reform. - Convention at Anap-

olis. Proposal for a general Convention, and Washington ap-

pointed a Delegate from Virginia. — His Reasons for wishing to

decline. Society of the Cincinnati. Washington accepts the

Appointment as Delegate.- Attends the Convention, is chosen its

President, and affixes his Name to the New Constitution. — His

Opinion of the Constitution. It is adopted by the People. -

Washington chosen the first President of the United States.

--

CHAPTER XVI.

404

He receives official Notice of being chosen President. - His Jour-

ney to the Seat of Government at New York. - His Oath of

Office and Inaugural Speech. - Acquaints himself with the State

of public Affairs. His Attention to his private Pursuits. — His

Manner of receiving Visits and entertaining Company. — Afflicted

with a severe Illness.- Death of his Mother. - Executive De-

partments formed, and the Officers appointed. Judiciary System

organized. Washington's Opinion of the Supreme Court. - His

Rule in Appointments to Office.

CHAPTER XVII.

His Journey through the Eastern States. -Letter from Mrs. Wash-

ington. System of Funding the public Debts. Place for the

permanent Seat of Government agreed upon. - The President

visits Rhode Island and Mount Vernon. - Foreign Relations of

the United States. - France, England, Spain. - Indian War. -

Washington's Policy respecting the Indians. - Congress meets

at Philadelphia.— A National Bank established. — Tax on distilled

Spirits. The President's Tour through the Southern States.-

Apportionment Bill. - Parties and their Causes. Dissensions

between the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury.

Washington's Attempts to reconcile them.

-

441

456

CHAPTER XVIII.

Washington is elected President for a Second Term. - Takes the

Oath of Office. - Relations between the United States and France.

- Opinions of the Cabinet. - Proclamation of Neutrality. - Party

Divisions and Excitements. Genet received as Minister from

France. His extraordinary Conduct.— Democratic Societies.-

Washington's Opinion of these Societies, and on the Subject of

instructing Representatives. — Relations with England. — British

Orders in Violation of Neutral Rights. - Meeting of Congress.

The President recommends Measures of Defence.- Character of

Washington by Mr. Fox.-Letter from Lord Erskine. - Commer-

cial Affairs. Mr. Madison's Commercial Resolutions. - Mr. Jay

appointed Envoy Extraordinary to negotiate a Treaty with England.

-Military Preparations. — Insurrection in Pennsylvania. — Meas-

ures adopted by the President for suppressing it. — Plan for re-

deeming the Public Debt.
479

-

CHAPTER XIX.

The British Treaty ratified by the Senate.- Popular excitement re-

specting it.— The Treaty confirmed by the Signature of the Presi-

dent. Resignation of Mr. Randolph. Circumstances attending

it. The President refuses to furnish Papers to the House of

Representatives in relation to the British Treaty. — Captivity of

Lafayette, and Means used by Washington to procure his Libera-

tion. Difficulties with France in regard to the British Treaty.-

Recall of Mr. Monroe. - Washington's Farewell Address. His

last Speech to Congress. - Inauguration of his Successor. - Testi-

mony of Respect shown to him by the Citizens of Philadelphia.—

He retires to Mount Vernon. - Remarks on Mr. Jefferson's Con-

duct towards Washington. - Troubles with France. Prepara-

tions for War.- Washington chosen Commander-in-chief of the

Provisional Army of the United States. Organization and Ar-

rangement of the Army. His last Illness and Death.

. . 502

APPENDIX.

-

-

I. Origin and Genealogy of the Washington Family

539

II. Last Illness and Death of Washington

555

III. Proceedings of Congress in Consequence of the Death of

PART FIRST.

OFFICIAL LETTERS RELATING TO THE FRENCH

WAR, AND PRIVATE LETTERS BEFORE THE AMER-
ICAN REVOLUTION.

VOLUME II.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM MARCH, 1754, TO MAY, 1775.

V. Address of the Officers to Colonel Washington, on his Re-

XII. Independent Companies

signing the Command of the Virginia Forces

VI. The Ohio Company

VII. Walpole's Grant

VIII. Measures of the Virginia House of Burgesses

IX. Fairfax County Resolves

X. American Independence

XI. Brief Extracts from a Diary

XIII. Extracts from Washington's Diary

XIV. Journal of a Tour to the Ohio River

516

PART SECOND.

CORRESPONDENCE AND MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS
RELATING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

VOLUME III.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM JUNE, 1775, TO JULY, 1776.

APPENDIX.

I. Washington's Appointment as Commander-in-chief of the

American Army

479

II. General Washington's Arrival in Cambridge

484

III. State of the Army at Cambridge when General Washington

took the Command

486