God and Contemporary ScienceWm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1997 - 274 Seiten It is widely believed that contemporary science has ruled out divine action in the world. Arguing that theology can and must respond to this challenge, Philip Clayton surveys the available biblical and philosophical resources. Recent work in cosmology, quantum physics, and the brain sciences offers exciting new openings for a theology of divine action. If Christian theism is to make use of these opportunities, says Clayton, it must place a greater stress on divine immanence. In response to this challenge, Clayton defends the doctrine of panentheism, the view that the world is in some sense "within" God although God also transcends the world. God and Contemporary Science offers the first book-length defense of panentheism as a viable option within traditional Christian theology. Clayton first defends a "postfoundationalist" model of theology that is concerned more with the coherence of Christian belief than with rational obligation or proof. He makes the case that the Old and New Testament theologies do not stand opposed to panentheism but actually support it at a number of points. He then outlines the philosophical strengths of a panentheistic view of God's relation to the world and God's activity in the world. The remainder of the book applies this theological position to recent scientific developments: theories of the origin of the universe; quantum mechanics, or the physics of the very small; the debate about miracles; and neuroscientific theories of human thought. |
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Inhalt
SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY AND POSTMODERNISM | 1 |
CAN THEOLOGY STILL MAKE UNIVERSAL CLAIMS? | 4 |
WHAT IT MEANS TO TAKE SCIENCE SERIOUSLY | 5 |
GOD ACTIVE IN THE WORLD | 9 |
The God Who Acts Towards a Biblical Theology of God and the World | 13 |
WHAT IS THIS WORLD WHICH THOU HAST MADE? GODS RELATION TO THE WORLD IN THE HEBREW BIBLE | 15 |
THE DOCTRINE OF CREATION IN THE HEBREW BIBLE | 17 |
THE WORLDS RELATION TO GOD | 27 |
SCIENCE ITSELF CHALLENGES REDUCTIONISM AND SUPPORTS THEISTIC DESIGN | 136 |
THEOLOGY HAS THE INTERPRETIVE AUTHORITY OVER SCIENCE | 142 |
FAITH DISCOVERS BELIEF IN THE CREATOR AS THE BEST ANSWER | 143 |
HOLISM WITHOUT TRANSCENDENCE | 145 |
THE DESIRABILITY OF MAINTAINING A MYSTICAL PANTHEISTIC RESPONSE TO THE WORLD | 147 |
SOPHISTICATED RELIGIOUSLY TINGED NATURALISM | 150 |
IMPLICATIONS OF THE DISCUSSION | 155 |
A THEOLOGICAL RESPONSE | 156 |
HUMANITY AND THE IMAGE OF GOD | 30 |
THE FALL | 39 |
FIRST IMPLICATIONS FOR A THEOLOGY OF NATURE | 45 |
CONCLUSION | 48 |
CHRISTOLOGY AND CREATION STRUGGLING WITH THE PARTICULARITY OF THE CHRISTIAN STORY | 55 |
INDISPENSABILITY OF THE KERYGMA | 57 |
IMPLICATIONS OF THE CHRIST EVENT | 59 |
THE TRINITY | 62 |
THEOLOGY PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY | 65 |
EMBRACING ONE PARTICULAR AMONG OTHERS | 69 |
WHO BEARS THE BURDEN OF PROOF? | 70 |
RETHINKING THE RELATION OF GOD AND WORLD PANENTHEISM AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF PHILOSOPHY | 82 |
MOVING FROM THE TEXTS TO THE DOCTRINE OF GOD | 83 |
FROM CLASSICAL THEISM TO PANENTHEISM | 88 |
ARGUMENTS FOR AND IMPLICATIONS OF PANENTHEISM | 96 |
RETHINKING THE SOCALLED THEISTIC ARGUMENTS | 106 |
THE GOD OF INFINITE PERFECTION AND THE GOD OF JESUS CHRIST | 114 |
The New Scientific Context | 125 |
CREATION AND COSMOLOGY WHAT THEOLOGIANS CAN AND CANNOT LEARN FROM SCIENTIFIC COSMOLOGY | 127 |
NONTHEISTIC NONMATERIALISM | 128 |
USING SCIENCE TO CONVEY INSIGHTS ABOUT THE SPIRITUAL NATURE OF THE COSMOS | 130 |
SCIENCE USURPS THE ROLE OF THEOLOGY | 132 |
CONCLUSION | 160 |
Towards a Theology of Divine Action | 167 |
THE PRESUMPTION OF NATURALISM | 169 |
THE PRESUMPTION OF NATURALISM | 171 |
HISTORICAL CHANGES IN THE PRESUMPTION | 172 |
THE PARITY BETWEEN PERCEPTUAL AND RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE | 174 |
WHERE RELIGIOUS CAUSAL ACCOUNTS STAND ON EQUAL FOOTING | 175 |
IMPROBABLE BUT NOT IMPOSSIBLE | 177 |
PSYCHOLOGICAL MIRACLES | 181 |
CONCLUSION | 183 |
THEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS | 185 |
SCIENTIFIC CAUSALITY DIVINE CAUSALITY | 188 |
FINDING GENUINE OPENNESS IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD | 193 |
POSSIBLE INTERVENTIONS AND ACTUAL INTERVENTIONS | 197 |
THE CONTEMPORARY DEBATE ABOUT DIVINE CAUSALITY IN SCIENCE | 200 |
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN AND DIVINE AGENCY | 232 |
THE PANENTHEISTIC ANALOGY | 235 |
THEORIES OF PERSONHOOD AND THEOLOGICAL PREFERENCES | 241 |
IN DEFENCE OF EMERGENTIST SUPERVENIENCE | 247 |
THEOLOGYS UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION | 257 |
270 | |
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